A Scholarly Review of Dr. Nejātullāh Ṣiddīqī's Interpretations Regarding Takāful

تکافل سے متعلق ڈاکٹر نجات اللہ صدیقی کی تعبیرات کا علمی جائزہ

Abstract

This research critically examines the intellectual contributions of Dr. Nejātullāh Ṣiddīqī regarding "Takāful" (Islamic Insurance) within the framework of contemporary Urdu scholarship. Dr. Ṣiddīqī meticulously analyzed conventional insurance models, identifying their inherent conflicts with Sharīʻah principles due to the presence of Ribā (Usury), Gharar (Uncertainty), and Qimār (Gambling). He advocated for a fundamental paradigm shift from 'risk transfer' to 'risk sharing,' proposing a system rooted in the Islamic values of mutual cooperation (Ta'āwun) and voluntary contribution (Tabarrʻu). By synthesizing classical Islamic jurisprudence with modern economic complexities in his seminal works, Dr. Ṣiddīqī provided a robust theoretical foundation for an ethical insurance alternative. He emphasized that the primary objective of Takāful should be social welfare and collective security rather than mere commercial exploitation. This study evaluates his visionary interpretations and highlights their ongoing relevance in navigating the financial challenges of the 21^st century while upholding the broader Maqāṣid al- Sharīʻah (Objectives of Sharīʻah).